How does a sewage treatment plant actually work?



Each person uses an average of 120 litres of water per day. This is used for a wide variety of purposes (body cleansing, cooking, flushing toilets, etc.). But what actually happens to the dirty water / waste water when it leaves our area of application?

Waste water is drained through pipe systems and thus enters the public sewerage system. Here we differentiate between two types of drainage. In the combined sewer system, domestic and commercial wastewater is fed into a sewer together with rainwater that accumulates on sealed surfaces (e.g. streets and roofs).

The separate sewer system divides the media. Dirty water is fed into one sewer, surface water into another. Because of the low dirt load, the collected surface water is usually discharged into neighbouring waters (lakes or rivers).

The wastewater and the combined sewer both end up at the treatment plant. Of course, in the case of combined sewer systems, the sewage treatment plant has more work to do, as all the surface water has to be cleaned as well.


Step by step back to nature


Now the actual cleaning process begins. First of all, the rough stuff has to come out. Rakes filter everything that is not permeable as solid matter in the wastewater. This can be toilet paper, wet wipes, but also a toothbrush or other things that do not belong in a toilet. This process is called pretreatment.

After rakes comes a sand filter basin throug flow equalization. Here the wastewater is settled and through sedimentation sand, glass splinters and smaller solids sink to the bottom.

The primary clarifier then has the function of filtering further components from the waste water. Suspended solids, which are lighter than water, such as plastic parts but also oils and fats, float up and are removed at the surface. Due to the very low speed in the basin, further heavier particles sink to the bottom.

Helpfull bacteria


Afterwards biology is helpful. In the actual clarifier, bacteria and fungi have the task of metabolising organic components in the wastewater into its individual parts. This process is called Biological nutrient removal. Oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor areas provide optimal conditions for breaking down all carbon and phosphate compounds and urea from the urine.

The secondary clarifier is used again for sedimentation. Here, bacterial flakes and other components that have no place in clean water sink to the bottom of the tank. In the end, the clarified water is returned to the natural water cycle, usually lakes or streams.

Very modern sewage treatment plants have additional treatment stages for further phosphorus elimination or the killing of pathogens.

Bacterial flakes and sludge are processed into gas in digestion towers and in many cases are used to supply the sewage plant with energy.

Nanozyme Treats Waste Water

"NANOZYME" which are effective microbes (EM) contain multiple stains of aerobic, facultative aerobes and anaerobic bacteria, which are selected for their compatible, symbiotic metabolic pathways based on different industrial effluent characteristics. NANOZYME products are manufactured from a unique solid fermentation (SSF) process of selected cultures of beneficial bacteria for different waste water and industries.

Under our Executive Director Dr. M. PARAMESWARI SASIKUMAR, Executive Director - Ph.D., in Agricultural Science with specialization in Industrial Wastewater treatment research guidance, BIONICS ENVIRO TECH has innovating wide range of NANOZYME bio-culture and also implementing into various all industrial sectors. 


Bionics Enviro Tech

D.No: 2/185, Ram Nagar, Vaaikalmedu, 

Perundurai Main Road, Erode, Tamilnadu- 638 052

Ph : +91 90950 00090, +91 95663 76690

Email     : bionicsenvirotech@gmail.com 

Website : www.bionicsenviro.com

Blog : Mothi grish

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